While the European Union focuses on competitiveness, strategic autonomy, and catching up with the United States and China, education is still treated more as a social obligation than as an economic investment.
I
have followed the evolution of European education since the 1990s, when
academic mobility and cooperation between universities began to take on a new
dimension. In March 1999, as Vice-President of the Association des États
Généraux des Étudiants de l'Europe (AEGEE-Europe), I organised a debate at the
European Parliament in Brussels entitled “Education for the Year 2020”. It was
a period of tangible change, with a direct impact on university systems and
students’ academic journeys.
The
Bologna Declaration, signed in 1999, laid the foundations for the European
Higher Education Area, making degrees more comparable and facilitating academic
mobility. At the same time, the Erasmus programme, launched in 1987 and
subsequently expanded through European education programmes, became one of the
most visible instruments of European integration.
I
continued my academic research in this field. My doctoral
thesis on European education programmes
also examined the limitations of these policies. Access to the programmes
remained limited relative to the size of the European population. Formal
education was not sufficiently connected to informal and non-formal learning,
and a shared European identity was still far from being a reality for everyone.
Over
the next two to three years, the European Union must answer a fundamental
question: how can it preserve its social model without losing the global
economic race?
Education
is central to this challenge. Europe cannot build a competitive economy if
universities lack adequate research funding, graduates leave education without
the skills demanded by the labour market, and research findings too often fail
to translate into economic value.
The
links between education, research, and industry must be strengthened.
Universities, however, must not become mere suppliers of employees for
companies. We need partnerships that encourage the development and testing of
new technologies, facilitate the transfer of research results into the economy,
and ensure that study programmes evolve alongside changes in productive
sectors. At the same time, universities must preserve their independence and
their ability to pursue fundamental research and foster critical thinking.
I
returned to these issues in spring 2024, when I worked with Member of the
European Parliament Victor Negrescu in preparing the European agenda for
2024–2029. Together with representatives of AEGEE-Europe, I supported the
organisation of a debate at the European Parliament. The event was preceded by
a student report assessing the state of European education and identifying the
measures needed in the years ahead. The main conclusions are presented in the press
release published after the event and
in the
article written by Victor Negrescu and Kirsten Broekema, then President of
AEGEE-Europe.
The
initiative called for education to play a stronger role in the European
political agenda. The fact that education now falls within the responsibilities
of an Executive Vice-President of the European Commission is an important
political signal. However, the real test will be whether European institutions
can translate this commitment into adequately funded programmes and measurable
results.
Another
major challenge is ensuring equal access to academic mobility. Over more than
20 years, I have taught courses at 15 universities across six countries. This
experience has shown me that international mobility offers benefits far beyond
professional training. It broadens perspectives, builds intercultural
understanding, and helps students navigate an increasingly interconnected
world. Yet participation still depends too heavily on students’ financial
resources and universities’ capacity to organise exchanges.
For
this reason, I believe it is time to seriously consider the concept of “Double
Erasmus”. Over a five-year academic path covering bachelor’s and master’s
studies, every student should have the opportunity to participate in two
international mobility programmes: one in another EU Member State and a second
in a country on another continent. Such an approach would strengthen European
identity while giving students a broader global perspective. It would also help
prepare the next generation to compete and cooperate internationally.
My
interest in education policy is also personal. I now have three children
studying at university in different fields: computer science, communication,
and economics. Their academic journeys reflect the growing diversity of skills
required by the next generation. They also reinforce my conviction that
universities must combine specialised training with opportunities for
international experience, critical thinking, and lifelong learning.
Dan
Luca / Brussels